Many of the causes why the babies were born with congenital heart defects, especially in the first trimester, which is crucial for the formation of the heart. If the mother of the fetus aged over 40 years suffer from diabetes, measles, high blood pressure, and smoking during the three-month-old fetus, then there is the possibility of fetal cardiac abnormalities. Another factor that can disrupt heart formation in the first trimester, among others, exposure to X-ray, physical and mental trauma, drink herbal or contraceptive pills, and heredity.
According to dr. Linda Lison, Sp.JP, FACC, FESC, there are some kinds of heart leaks visible location. For example, ventricular septal defect (VSD, leaks in the chamber), atrial septal defect (ASD, a leak occurred in the foyer), and patent ductus arterious (PDA, a leak in the aorta that connects to the pulmonary). Another abnormality is the great artery transposition (TGA), tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary stenosis / atresia, ebstein anomalies, as well as leaks in the valves of the heart.
In ASD leak that occurred led to a number of oxygen-rich blood flows from left to right porch. The blood is then pumped to the lungs despite the previously cleaned. That way the heart becomes less efficient. In most patients symptoms are not meaningful. Even if there are symptoms, among others, quickly tired of his form as well as impaired growth and development.
VSD is similar to ASD, just a different location, namely in the booth. The problem is the pumping chamber, thereby making additional blood pumping action also increases. Blood pressure can be elevated in the channel toward the lungs. If it persists, will cause damage to blood vessel walls.
Which should be wary of is the TGA. In this case, the aorta and pulmonary upside down. The aorta receives blood from the right ventricle dirty, but not cleared in the lungs, the blood is actually circulated back to the whole body. Likewise with the pulmonary vessels which received a clean blood but returned to the lungs.
Symptoms that arise on the type of leakage was highly dependent large-small hole leaks. If large enough, can cause growth disturbances. Speaking of symptoms, keep in mind that not all congenital heart defects raises symptoms blue. You see, this disorder is divided into two groups: nonsianotik blue that does not cause symptoms (eg, ASD and VSD) and cyanotic blue that cause symptoms (eg dams astresia tetraologi Fallot tricuspid).
Ketidakmunculan blue signs occur due to dirty blood from the right ventricle does not circulate throughout the body. Instead, clean the blood from the heart left to right and crossed into the lungs. If the hole is still narrow, generally infants showed no complaints.
Instead, the body (lips, tongue, nails) to blue - especially when crying - occurs when blood dirty (less oxygen) flow to clean the blood circulation. If it's dirty blood to enter the vital organs like the brain, the patient will experience shortness of breath accompanied by seizures, it can even end up facing his Maker. However, it generally just looks bluish-old baby after a few weeks or months.
Be careful of infection
Actually, leaky heart abnormalities can be detected from the beginning. "There is now a test fetal echocardiography during pregnancy," said the cardiology staff at RS PIK and Pluit Jakarta. The pregnant woman is also expected to maintain health, not taking the drug haphazard, and not smoking.
You see, if the heart gets out, like it or not the action taken is surgery. With today's technological developments, the operation can be done without surgery. According to Linda, surgery is generally performed when the baby is about three months. However, if the situation urgent, surgery can be performed immediately, regardless of age of the baby.
Actions taken can simply tie the artery in the case of PDAs, or non-surgical closure of holes in the ASD or VSD. This method is performed by the permanent closure of a lifetime as an umbrella to cover the mounting holes that leak. It's just that the action should be taken when the patient is large. Handling an early age will prevent serious problems later in life.
In VSD the hole will close itself sometimes with age. However, if the big hole, it is recommended to be closed before the preschool years. The goal, to avoid undesirable things. Typically, the hole closed with special patches or sometimes sewn. If the hole is closed, then the blood circulation to normal.
After the surgery is done, it still needed some checks in order to act as it should be. If needed, your doctor will monitor the heart with a series of tests such as electrocardiogram or echokardiogram. "There is no meaningful restrictions, except in hypertensive lungs where the patient should not be too tired," said Linda.
Sometimes the heart of the leak is carried into adulthood, without treatment done to patch it. Problem is dangerous or not, Linda just said, "What are we afraid if it comes to a heart infection. If there are actions, such as tooth extraction or surgical operation is necessary to use antibiotics. "Or it could be that had entered the type of heart disease that is not blue turn blue.
Troublesome indeed. Therefore, the problem is a very vital organ anyway!
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CORRECT misplaced
In patients with TGA, inevitably there must be a correction as early as possible. Many of the infants underwent catheterization surgery to condense time and postpone surgery until they can take care of it better. This procedure is done by enlarging the connection between the left and right porch. The goal, making the blood mixed with dirty and clean so that blood can be pumped into the right direction.
There are two types of surgery that can fix the TGA. First create a channel between the porch. This will divert oxygen-rich blood into the right ventricle and the aorta, while the gross or oxygen-poor blood into the left ventricle and the pulmonary artery. This action is known as the Mustard or Senning procedure. The second type is known as arterial switch operation. Aorta and pulmonary artery restored to their normal position. The aorta is connected to the left ventricle, and pulmonary artery into the right ventricle.
After the operation is still needed monitoring. They are also not recommended for sports competitions. Problems that arise may decrease pulse or valve function Mustard or Senning operations. You see, the right ventricle pumps blood throughout the body except the lungs. There is no obstacle for women with TGA who underwent surgery to become pregnant. Just be careful if it appears arrhythmias.
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